in which, λo will be the Preliminary attractiveness of firefly (at x = 0). The firefly Xi and Xj length is expressed with regards to Euclidean distance as follows: These portable meters take a little bit far more skills to work when compared to the direct EC testers. Some do

Tillage modifies soil composition, which may be demonstrated by variations in the soil’s Bodily properties, for instance penetration resistance (PR) and soil electrical resistivity (ρ). The aim of the study was To guage the result of deep tillage methods on a few morphogenetically contrast